In 1862, during the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln signed legislation creating the U.S. Army Medal of Honor, establishing what would become the nation's highest military decoration for valor in combat.
The award was created to recognize soldiers who distinguished themselves through extraordinary bravery and self-sacrifice "beyond the call of duty." It followed the creation of a similar medal for the U.S. Navy a few months earlier, making it the beginning of America's highest system of military honors.
The first Army Medals of Honor were awarded to six Union soldiers who took part in the daring Andrews Raid, a mission deep behind Confederate lines to disrupt vital railroads and bridges. In 1863, the Medal of Honor became a permanent military decoration and was expanded to include commissioned officers as well.The Medal of Honor is the highest military decoration awarded by the United States government.
It is presented by the President of the United States in the name of Congress to military personnel who risk their lives above and beyond the call of duty.History and OriginsFirst established in 1861 for the Navy and 1862 for the Army, the medal has been awarded to over 3,500 individuals.
To be awarded the Medal of Honor, the recipient's heroic actions must occur while engaged in action against an enemy of the United States, while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing foreign force, or while serving with friendly foreign forces. The requirements are highly rigorous, demanding at least two sworn eyewitness statements and extensive documentation.
The physical design varies slightly by military branch (Army, Navy/Marine Corps, and Air Force/Space Force), but all are suspended from a light blue ribbon with 13 white stars representing the original colonies. Each medal incorporates themes of valor, strength, and the Roman goddess Minerva.
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